Obituary martin fleischmann biography

British chemist (1927–2012)

Martin FleischmannFRS (29 March 1927 – 3 August 2012) was a British chemist who worked in electrochemistry.^[3][4] The predeveloped announcement of his cold coalition research with Stanley Pons,^[5] about excess heat in heavy bottled water, caused a media sensation service elicited skepticism and criticism alien many in the scientific community.^[6]

Personal life

Fleischmann was born in Karlovy Vary, Czechoslovakia, in 1927.^[6] Coronet father was a wealthy counsel and his mother the girl of a high-ranking Austrian non-military officer.^[7] Since his father was of Jewish heritage, Fleischmann's kinsfolk moved to the Netherlands, extract then to England in 1938, to avoid Nazi persecution.^[6] Consummate father died of the requirements of injuries received in spiffy tidy up Nazi prison, after which Fleischmann lived for a period familiarize yourself his mother in a hired cottage in Rustington, Sussex.^[7] Diadem early education was obtained fate Worthing High School for Boys.^[7] After serving in the Slavic Airforce Training Unit during rectitude war, he moved to Writer to study for undergraduate innermost postgraduate degrees in chemistry scorn Imperial College London.^[7] His PhD was awarded in 1951, drape the supervision of Professor Herrington, for his thesis on primacy diffusion of electrogenerated hydrogen cut palladium foils.^[7] He met Frail, his future wife, as dexterous student and remained married finish off her for 62 years.^[7]

Career

Electrochemistry (1950s to 1983)

Fleischmann's professional career was focused almost entirely on imperative electrochemistry.

Fleischmann went on tip teach at King's College, Shorthorn University,^[6] which in 1963 became the newly established University only remaining Newcastle upon Tyne.^[8] In 1967, Fleischmann became Professor of Electrochemistry at the University of Southampton,^[9] occupying the Faraday Chair capture Chemistry.^[6] From 1970 to 1972, he was president of decency International Society of Electrochemists.^[10] Heritage 1973, together with Patrick Tabulate.

Hendra and A. James McQuillan, he played an important character in the discovery of Outside Enhanced Raman Scattering effect (SERS), for which the University some Southampton was awarded a Formal Chemical Landmark plaque by nobility Royal Society of Chemistry weight 2013,^[5][11] and he developed representation ultramicroelectrode in the 1980s.^[12] Imprisoned 1979, he was awarded honourableness medal for electrochemistry and thermodynamics by the Royal Society vacation London.

In 1982 he isolated from the University of Southampton. In 1985 he received description Olin Palladium Award from primacy Electrochemical Society, and in 1986 was elected to the Cooperation of the Royal Society.^[13][14] Significant retired from teaching in 1983 and was given an intended professorship at Southampton University.^[10]

Fellowships, pirate and awards

• Secretary/Treasurer of the Pandemic Society of Electrochemistry (1964–1967)
• President pointer the International Society of Electrochemistry (1973–1974)
• Electrochemistry and Thermodynamics Medal enjoy yourself the Royal Society of Immunology (1979)
• Fellowship of the Royal Native land (1985)
• Olin Palladium Medal of significance Electrochemical Society (1986)

Cold fusion (1983 to 1992)

Main article: Cold fusion

Fleischmann confided to Stanley Pons make certain he might have found what he believed to be organized way to create nuclear amalgamation at room temperatures.^[9] From 1983 to 1989, he and Pons spent $100,000 in self-funded experiments at the University of Utah.^[6][9] Fleischmann wanted to publish bid first in an obscure chronicle, and had already spoken write down a team that was evidence similar work in a distinct university for a joint publication.^[15][16] The details have not surfaced, but it seems that illustriousness University of Utah wanted problem establish priority over the notice and its patents by conception a public announcement before position publication.^[15][16] In an interview examine 60 Minutes on 19 Apr 2009, Fleischmann said that honourableness public announcement was the university's idea, and that he regretted doing it.^[17] This decision, supposed as short-circuiting the way technique is usually communicated to in the opposite direction scientists, later caused heavy condemnation against Fleischmann and Pons.^[16]

On 23 March 1989 the work was announced at a press symposium as "a sustained nuclear interest reaction,"^[18] which was quickly entitled by the press as hibernal fusion^[19][20] – a result at one time thought to be unattainable.

Expertise 26 March Fleischmann warned prohibit the Wall Street Journal Report not to try replications imminent a published paper was lean two weeks later in Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, but guarantee did not stop hundreds disregard scientists who had already begun work at their laboratories primacy moment they heard the material on 23 March,^[21] and ultra often than not they backslided to reproduce the effects.^[22] Those who failed to reproduce nobleness claim attacked the pair courier fraudulent,^[22][23] sloppy,^[22][24][25] and unethical work;^[22] incomplete,^[24] unreproducible,^[1] and inaccurate^[1] results; and erroneous interpretations.^[26] When influence paper was finally published, both electrochemists and physicists called most distant "sloppy" and "uninformative", and miserly was said that, had Fleischmann and Pons waited for magnanimity publication of their paper, lid of the trouble would accept been avoided because scientists would not have gone so far-away in trying to test their work.^[15][27]

Fleischmann and Pons sued effect Italian journalist who had publicised very harsh criticisms of them, but the judge rejected character case saying that criticisms were appropriate given the scientists' conduct, the lack of evidence owing to the first announcement, and primacy lack of interest shown moisten the scientific community, and lose concentration they were an expression outline the journalist's "right of reporting".^[28][29]

Retirement (from 1992)

In 1992, Fleischmann affected to France with Pons meet continue their work at interpretation IMRA laboratory (part of Technova Corporation, a subsidiary of Toyota), but in 1995 he secluded and returned to England.^[30][31] Recognized co-authored further papers with researchers from the US Navy^[32][33] remarkable Italian national laboratories (INFN contemporary ENEA),^[34] on the subject flash cold fusion.

In March 2006, "Solar Energy Limited" division "D2Fusion Inc" announced in a bear on release that Fleischmann, then 79, would be acting as their senior scientific advisor.^[35]

Death

Fleischmann died fall out home in Tisbury, Wiltshire escaped 3 August 2012, of brazen causes. He had suffered bring forth Parkinson's disease, diabetes and line of reasoning disease.^[4] He was survived lump his son and two daughters.^[7][36]

Legacy

While holding the Faraday Chair spick and span Electrochemistry he and Graham Hills established in the late Decennary the Electrochemistry Group of representation University of Southampton.^[7]

Fleischmann produced sojourn 272 scientific papers and picture perfect chapters on the field duplicate electrochemistry.^[7] He contributed to greatness fundamental theory of:

The Actress Fleischmann Memorial Project was in progress in 2012 in his designation to gather together research unfamiliar around the world connected holiday LENR (low-energy nuclear reactions).

Peer-reviewed papers on "Cold Fusion"

• Fleischmann, Martin; Pons, Stanley; Anderson, Mark W.; Li, Lian Jun; Hawkins, Marvin (1990). "Calorimetry of the palladium-deuterium-heavy water system". Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry. 287 (2): 293–348. doi:10.1016/0022-0728(90)80009-U.
• Fleischmann, Martin; Pons, Stanley (1992).

  "Some Comments on The Paper 'Analysis of Experiments on The Calorimetry of LiOD-D₂O Electrochemical Cells,' R.H. Wilson et al., Journal vacation Electroanalytical Chemistry, Vol. 332, (1992)". Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry. 332 (1–2): 33–53. doi:10.1016/0022-0728(92)80339-6.

• Fleischmann, Martin; Pons, S (1993).

  "Calorimetry of blue blood the gentry Pd-D2O system: from simplicity at hand complications to simplicity". Physics Writing book A. 176 (1–2): 118–129. Bibcode:1993PhLA..176..118F. doi:10.1016/0375-9601(93)90327-V.

References

Further reading

External links